During January 9-15, 2011, qualified voters of the Southern Sudan Referendum overwhelmingly voted for independence.
Sudan became independent on January 1, 1956. During 1956-2002, two lengthy civil wars were fought, largely between the Arabic Muslim north and the Christian African tribal south. More than 2.5 million people were killed and another 5 million displaced. A final peace agreement was reached on January 9, 2005. A new constitution for Sudan was ratified in July 2005. It provided for a referendum to be held in January 2011 that allows the Southern Sudan to secede if it wishes.
Sudan became independent on January 1, 1956. During 1956-2002, two lengthy civil wars were fought, largely between the Arabic Muslim north and the Christian African tribal south. More than 2.5 million people were killed and another 5 million displaced. A final peace agreement was reached on January 9, 2005. A new constitution for Sudan was ratified in July 2005. It provided for a referendum to be held in January 2011 that allows the Southern Sudan to secede if it wishes.
English: Map showing political regions of Sudan as of July 2006.
Darfur
Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile
North Sudan
South Sudan
Eastern Front, area of operations July 2006
Abyei, as defined by the Permanent Court of Arbitration
(Credit: Lokal_Profil, Wikipedia)
During 2005-2011, the Interim Constitution of the Southern Sudan was the supreme law for the South. GOSS is the acronym for the Government of Southern Sudan.
In accordance with the provisions of Article 59(2)(b) and Article 85(1) of the Interim Constitution, the Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly enacted the Personal Income Tax Act, 2007. The law established a tax-exempt threshold of SDG 300 (three hundred Sudanese Pounds) per month. (US$1.00 = SDG 2.50) Above that all taxable income is charged at a flat rate of 10%.
In accordance with the provisions of Article 59(2)(b) and Article 85(1) of the Interim Constitution, the Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly enacted the Personal Income Tax Act, 2007. The law established a tax-exempt threshold of SDG 300 (three hundred Sudanese Pounds) per month. (US$1.00 = SDG 2.50) Above that all taxable income is charged at a flat rate of 10%.
The Southern Sudan has had a flat 10% personal income tax since 2007. With passage of the referendum, Sudan joins the ranks of independent countries with a flat tax.
The Sudanese government in Khartoum has a slightly graduated tax system of three rates: 5%, 10%, and 15% (see Appendix IV, page 42). The personal income tax exempts the first SDG 9,050 from taxation. Thereafter, successive rates of 5% and 10% are levied on the next SDG 120 and SDG 240 respectively, after which a fixed rate of 15% is applied. The combined SDG 360 of the two lower rates amounts to about 4% of the value of the tax-free threshold of SDG 9,050. The number of salaried persons falling into those two intermediate brackets is likely to be a trivial fraction of total salaried personnel. In that regard, Sudan has a Hong Kong-style flat tax of 15%.
The Sudanese government in Khartoum has a slightly graduated tax system of three rates: 5%, 10%, and 15% (see Appendix IV, page 42). The personal income tax exempts the first SDG 9,050 from taxation. Thereafter, successive rates of 5% and 10% are levied on the next SDG 120 and SDG 240 respectively, after which a fixed rate of 15% is applied. The combined SDG 360 of the two lower rates amounts to about 4% of the value of the tax-free threshold of SDG 9,050. The number of salaried persons falling into those two intermediate brackets is likely to be a trivial fraction of total salaried personnel. In that regard, Sudan has a Hong Kong-style flat tax of 15%.
